初中英语语法总结之句子类型

句子类型

1简单句由一个主语(或并列主 语)和一个谓语(或并列

谓语)构成的句子。

如：I have an English class every day。

He goes to work by car

2并列句

由并列连词(and,so, but,or等)把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。 如：They clean the room, and we water the trees。

It was hard work, but we didn't give up。

3复合句

由一个主句和一个或多个从句构成的句子。

She was going to see her husband because he was sick in hospital.(状语从句)

I hope you can come to my party tomorrow.(宾语从句)

II宾语从句 Object Clauses

宾语从句是名词性从句的一种,它在主句中作动词或介词的宾语。宾语

从句本身的结构是在引导词后为陈述句语序。

1.that引导的宾语从句

that本身没有含义,只起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,在口语和非

正式文体中常省去。如:

The boy discovered that it was easier to keep his temper than to drive nails into

the fence..男孩发现控制脾气要比往栅栏里钉钉子容易。

The boy was finally able to tell his father that all the nails were gone.男孩终于

能跟他父亲说钉子都不见了

2. whether或i引导的宾语从句

whether和if均意为“是否

在大多数情况下可以互换使用,但

whether可和 or not连用,if则不能。如

We'd better ask Mom whether it' s cheap or not我们最好问问妈妈这是否便宜。

I want to know if you are willing to lend me a hand.我想知道你是否愿意帮

我个忙。

3.由连接代词引导的宾语从句

可引导宾语从句的连接代词有who,whom,what, whose, which

whatever, whoever, whichever等。它们本身都有相应的含义,在从句中

要作相应的句子成份,但要注意其后不是疑问句语序而是陈述句语序

ldon' t know who he is.我不知道他是谁

The boy did what his father had told him to do.男孩做了他父亲告诉他做的

事

You can write about whatever you think o.你想到什么就可以写什么。

4.由连接副词引导的宾语从句

可引导宾语从句的连接副词有 where,when,how,why等。它们本身也

都有相应的含义,在从句中要作句子成份,但要注意其后是陈述句语序。

如:

May I ask you when and where you were born?我可以问一下你的出生时间

和地点吗?

We often don't clearly understand how we make friends.我们常常不十分清楚

如何交朋友

He wondered why they had invited him.他很想知道他们为什么邀请他

5.可用it作形式宾语

有时宾语从句在主句中和其他词构成复合宾语。这时宾语从句常被移到句

子后部,前面用i作形式宾语。如

Do you consider it necessary that he will do it again?你认为他有必要再做

次吗

We found it impossible that he could finish it in such a short time.我们发现他

在这么短时间内完成这件事是不可能的。